Churn



(ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

R. CAMPBELL.

I GHURN. No. 2 0,451. Patented July 4, 1882..

llllwllfi w |IL I N g w '5 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(MOdeL) R; CAMPBELL.

V GHURN.

Patented J 111374, 1882.

'IJWEJVTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT CAMPBELL, OF WOOSTER, OHIO.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 260,451, dated July 4, 1882..

Application filed January 25, 1882. (Model.)

To all whom "it may concern Be it known that I, ROBERT CAMPBELL, of Wooster, in the county of Wayne and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohnrns; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in churns, particularly of that class that employ reciprocatory and vibratory paddles to agitate the cream, and has for its object to lessen the labor of churning and at the same time obtain efficiency, simplicity, and durability of parts.

To this end it consists in certain improvements in the construction and operation of the same, substantially as will be hereinafter more fully described, and particularly pointed outin the claims. l i

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, a vertical longitudinal sectional view, and Fig. 4 a horizontal sectional view.

Corresponding parts in the figures are denoted by the same letters of reference.

Referring by letter to the drawings, A designates a rectangular box, forming the'body of my improved churn, mounted in a suitable frame, B, and provided witha spigot or hung at its'base. The frame B is so constructed as to form a vertical flange, 0, around the mouth of the churn-box, between which flange or wall the two-part cover D E is arranged. The main portion of the cover, E, is provided with projections or shoulders F on top at its sides, in which are formed boxes or bearin gs for a transverse shaft, G, carrying the four paddles or heaters H, pivoted on said shaft at or near their center, so as' to leave aconsiderable portion projecting from the top of the churn-box.

The front edge of the cover E is provided with recesses I for the. reception of the paddles, and the projections F are continued a short distance over the front'edge, so that when the key-cover D is placed in position its turned so as toproject over the cover E, will firmly lock the whole cover in position.

The paddles or beaters H have longitudinal slots or apertures L formed in their projecting portions M, at the top thereof, and in these are fitted transverse shafts or pins N.

0 denotes four connecting arms, having their ends split longitudinally, as shown at P, and provided with bearings Q. In practice the split ends of the arms 0 are adjusted with their bearings Q respectively one over the shafts N in openings L and the other over the cranks R of a transverse shaft, S, journaled on the frame B, in rear of the churn-box, to facilitate which they may be beveled, as at T.

It will be seen that the spring ends of the connecting-arms thus clasp the shafts N S, the tension on which may be regulated and the wear taken upby adjusting the screws Vin the arms at right angles to the splitopenings. The cranks It on the shaft S are formed each at right angles to the other, as plainly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, and at one end a crank or handle,V, or other suitable device or mechanism by which motion may be imparted, is provided. Owing to the right-angular formation of the cranks B, when the shaft S is revolved and motion imparted by means of the connecting-arms O is conveyed to the paddles or beaters H no two of the latter will vibrate or turn upon their axle or shaft Gr together, but will vibrate successively and alternately .in such a manner that with every complete revolution of the shaft S the paddles at each end will impart to the cream a reciprocal and, by the cream striking against the corner of the churn-box and being deflected, a rotary movement, while the two middle or central paddles beat the cream backward and forward, all as indicated by the arrows, Fig. 4 of the drawlngs.

By reference to the above description, taken in connection with the drawings hereto annexed, the operation and advantages of my invention will be readily understood. It is simple, convenient, and great agitation is imparted to the cream by but little motion of the crank-shaft, and the paddles being perfectly smooth, instead of being split or provided with openings, the grain and globules of the butter are not broken. Another advantage is that in gathering the butter in the churn-box it is not necessary to remove the paddles entirely out of the latter, as the key-cover may be removed and the main cover elevated to permit the paddles to hang at one side of the churnbox; but should it be desired to disconnect the operating arms from the paddles, so that the cover and paddles can be entirely removed from the churn-box, this can easily be effected by expanding with the thumb or by other means the split ends of the arms, so that they can readily be withdrawn from the shaft. In like manner, should any of the connectingarms become damaged or broken, they can readily be replaced.

I do not limit myself to the number of paddles or heaters herein shown, as any desired number may be used with advantageous effect.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. The combination,wi th the frame forming a vertical flange round the mouth of the churnbox, of the two-part cover adjusted between said flange, one portion of the cover being provided with projections or shoulders, in which are formed bearings for the tranverse paddle or heater shaft, substantially as specified. 2. The combination, with the cover E, provided with projections or shoulders 13, forming bearings for a transverse shaft, G, carrying the paddles or heaters H,working in recesses 1 in the front of the cover, and projecting slightly over the front edge of the cover, of the keycover I), the inward edge of which is adapted to be adjusted under said projection, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT CAMPBELL.

Witnesses: v

SOLOMAN R. BoNEwrrz, J. l. VAN NEST. 

